Unimaginable a decade ago, smart, or technological, fabrics are astonishing us with their near science-fiction style properties. What is less understood, however, is the true scale of their advancement which boasts a remarkable market value of around US $1 billion in 2020, a figure that is projected to reach a staggering US $11 billion by 2025.
This rapid growth is directly linked to consumers’ increasing demand for sustainable, ethically produced materials, calling for fabrics that are certified as organic, recycled, or biodegradable. There’s also a growing expectation for greater accountability in production processes that minimise waste and optimise resource use. And once the purchase is made, consumers want to be able to trace a garment’s journey from raw material to finished product.
Equally valued by consumers, and a direction the industry is embracing, is the call for local manufacturing partnerships. This not only reduces transport miles and associated emissions but also enhances communication throughout production, meaning more transparent supply chains, effectively bringing a zero-kilometre ethos to smart textile manufacturing.
By definition, a smart fabric can alter its own structure or behaviour in response to external physical or chemical stimuli. Whether it’s a temperature shift, exposure to ultraviolet light or contact with moisture, the material adapts in real time, modifying its properties to deliver real benefits to the user.
Digital tools, such as 3D pattern design software, are integral to the production of these intelligent textiles, speeding up prototype development and reducing errors. For instance, the Spanish company Ecoplen has pioneered nanoparticle-based technology for its ‘Plenty of Life’ fabric. This innovative material keeps homes continuously disinfected and permanently free of viruses and bacteria. It’s suitable for upholstery, curtains, sunshades, and hammocks, and requires minimal to no maintenance.
Another remarkable quality is their self-cleaning capability, which is activated by exposure to UV rays. When sunlight strikes the fabric, embedded nanoparticles are activated to eliminate organic stains, such as food stains, and neutralise odours, like tobacco smoke, sweat and body odour.
Smart fabrics are also highly hydrophobic, meaning they repel water and prevent issues such as water absorption, condensation buildup, mould growth, and the spread of microbes associated with damp fibres. Additionally, these fabrics convert CO2 into oxygen, which helps reduce household dust and keeps allergy-triggering mites at bay.
Smart fabrics
