{"id":14869,"date":"2023-03-31T00:01:28","date_gmt":"2023-03-30T23:01:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viva-lanzarote.com\/?p=14869"},"modified":"2023-03-14T14:11:43","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T14:11:43","slug":"hazardous-saharan-haze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viva-lanzarote.com\/en\/hazardous-saharan-haze\/","title":{"rendered":"Hazardous Saharan Haze"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><em>Even though the amount of airborne Saharan dust carried towards the Atlantic has decreased since the 1980s, the intensity of the haze in the Canaries has been increasing since 2020<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Scientific studies carried out in the Canary Islands to analyse the physico-chemical properties of this dust have proven that the Saharan dust haze, known as <em>calima<\/em>, affects health, the environment and the climate.<\/p>\n<p>Sergio Rodr\u00edguez, a Lanzarote scientist at the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and expert in atmospheric sciences, points out that \u2018Whilst the frequency of Saharan haze carrying dust towards the Atlantic has decreased since the 1980s, its intensity is on the rise. Since February 2020, the Canary Islands have suffered several short (lasting a few days) but extraordinarily intense periods of Saharan dust hazes called <em>supercalimas<\/em>, bringing with them between 1,000 to 4,000 micrograms (\u00b5g)\/m<sup>3<\/sup> of breathable particles less than 10 microns (PM<sub>10<\/sub>) in size.<\/p>\n<p>\u2018On days when there\u2019s no haze,\u2019 explains Rodr\u00edguez, \u2018the concentration of breathable particle matter (PM<sub>10<\/sub>) is usually between 25 and 30 (\u00b5g)\/m<sup>3<\/sup>, while during a normal haze in the Canary Islands, this figure usually reaches between 50 and 300 (\u00b5g)\/m3. Since February 2020, however, we have experienced five extraordinarily intense super hazes. The one in March 2022 affected mainland Spain for the first time. We are now studying why they occur, their behaviour<br \/>\nand trends.\u2019<\/p>\n<p><em>Calima<\/em> is beneficial for marine ecosystems, especially open ocean waters because it provides fertilisers such as iron and phosphorus. Nevertheless, it is harmful to humans. Studies by the CSIC and the Cardiology Unit of the Canary Islands University Hospital (Tenerife), published in 2020 in scientific journals <em>Translational Research<\/em> and <em>Journal of Clinical Medicine<\/em>, revealed that inhaling this dust causes inflammation of the respiratory tract and increases the risk of cardiovascular death at a rate of 2% for every 10 (\u00b5g)\/m<sup>3<\/sup> of suspended dust particles inhaled. Over four years, this translates to 86% of in-hospital deaths (patients admitted to hospital) due to heart failure were associated with admissions made during days of Saharan dust haze. The higher the dust concentration, the higher the incidence.<\/p>\n<p>Other studies carried out at the Iza\u00f1a Atmospheric Observatory (Tenerife) have shown that this airborne desert dust is mixed with pollutants emitted by the oil refining industry, fertiliser production and mining activity in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. The dust also carries sulphate, nitrate, ammonium and various heavy metals such as chromium, nickel and zinc. The scientific community is monitoring the haze to establish how it affects climate change.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Even though the amount of airborne Saharan dust carried towards the Atlantic has decreased since the 1980s, the intensity of the haze in the Canaries has been increasing since 2020 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14867,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Hazardous Saharan Haze - Viva Lanzarote<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.viva-lanzarote.com\/en\/hazardous-saharan-haze\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hazardous Saharan Haze - 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